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2) to draw from these common or divergent features the
isomorphic regularities (закономірності) and the allomorphic
singularities (відмінності);
3) to establish on the basis of the obtained isomorphic
features the typical language structures and the types of
languages;
4) to establish on this basis the universal
features/phenomena, which pertain to each single language of the
world.

3. Methods of research, used in contrastive studies

Contrastive research is carried out with the help of several
methods. Thus, comparing of isomorphic features can very often be
performed with the help of the deductive and the inductive
methods (deduction – the process of reasoning using general rules
or principles to form a judgment about a particular fact or situation
– від загального до конкретного; induction – the process of
reasoning using known facts to produce general rules or principles
– від конкретного до загального). The deductive method is based
on logical calculation, which suggests all admissive variants of
realization of a certain phenomenon in speech of some contrasted
languages. For example, the existence of the attributive AN and
NA structure of word-group patterns in English and Ukrainian is
indisputable. Compare: the green pasture – the pasture green (G.
Byron), зелене пасовисько – пасовисько зелене. Consequently,
the deductive method of analysis can be rather helpful and not only
when contrasting syntactic level units.
The immediate constituents methods (the IC’s) is
employed to contrast only language units with aim of establishing
their constituent parts in one or some contrasted languages. The IC
method is often employed to single out constituent part of the
syntactic level units both at the sentence level and at word-group

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