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LABORATORY WORK № 6

Characteristic reactions to carbonio and
carboxilo group

Objective: to Know the classification, nomenclature,
homologous series, isomerism, structure of molecules
aldehydes, ketones and carboxylic acids; methods for their
preparation, chemical properties and uses.
To be able to write equations for reactions of
transitions from one class of organic substances. To conduct
a typical reaction of the qualitative determination of
carbonyl and carboxyl groups.

Reagents and equipment:

1% - 10% solution of methanal (formaldehyde) or
ethanal (acetic aldehyde), propanone (acetone), 50%
solution of ethanolic (acetic) acid, stearic acid, 1% solution
of nitrate argentum, 1% (sodium or potassium salt of stearic
acid), 10% solution of sodium hydroxide, 5% solution of
ammonia, 2% solution of copper (II) sulphate, magnesium
or zinc metal,
1% solution of sodium carbonate, 10% solution of
sulfate acid, 5% solution of calcium chloride, 5% solution of
plumum (II) acetate, 10% solution of chloride acid, 1%
alcohol solution of phenolphthalein , glasses for 50 ml, test
tubes.

The theoretical part

Aldehydes and ketones are organic compounds whose
molecules contain a carbonyl group.