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General formula of aldehydes

O

R C
H
,

The general formula of ketones

R 1
C O
R 2

Aldehydes and ketones, which are called oxazolyl
reactive due to the presence of highly polar groups (C=O),
and the activity of more aldehydes than ketones.
Aldehydes are easily oxidized not only by such
oxidants as H 2O 2, KMnO 4, K 2Cr 2O 7, and ammonia solutions
+ 2+
of inactive metals Ag , Cu , the interaction of which is
discussed below. Oxidation yields carboxylic acids.
Carboxylic acids – organic compounds containing one or
more carboxyl groups (COOH):

O
C
OH

Carboxylic acids are weak acids; they react with
active metals, their oxides or hydroxides, forming salts. In
the molecules of acids, the hydrogens atom of the carboxyl
group is then replaced. When interacting with strong
chlorine agents (PCl 3, PCl 5), the -OH carboxyl group is