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A historically important form of modernization is acculturation. This is the
interaction of cultures when the culture of one nation completely or in part
perceives the culture of another nation. The process can be both voluntary and
forcible. As a rule, the most developed culture in such interaction wins. Sometimes

adaptation to a new culture occurs in the form of imitation. The acculturation
manifests itself as a change in the cultural codes of behavior and the replacement
on the opposite (collectivism – individualism), destruction and even complete

disappearance of basic cultural principles, as the existence of two cultural worlds
in which man is forced to exist.
Another form of modernization is westernization. This is the purposeful

introduction of western (American) culture, which leads to loss of identity, social
protests, a hostile attitude. In this regard, the ideology of "modernization without
westernization" is of great interest. This idea was expressed by S. Huntington in

relation to third-world countries attempting to use western experience for the
development of traditional culture. The economic aspect of this problem was well
covered in the nineteenth century by F. Liszt. He proved that countries with a
market economy benefit from the fact that this model is perceived by other

countries. After all, in the event of a transition to a market economy, the latter are
doomed to dependence on the developed ones. Modernity has confirmed this. But

such a condition does not reject upgrade. It is only necessary to use the concept of
"autarky (independence) of large spaces" that justifies the mechanism of
modernization without westernization.

1. Multiculturalism. The idea of the equality of cultures in the modern
world. Interconmmunication of cultures and national originality of peoples
st
A peculiarity of the 21 century is the tendency towards the formation of a
multicultural space in the context of globalization-information changes in society.
The problem of multicultural education of youth, formation of national identity,
citizenship, active and responsible attitude to life is one of priorities of the

humanization of society.
An extremely important role in addressing multiculturalism is assigned to
the formation of the corresponding picture of the world by an individual, since it

gives the possibility for each person to develop a positive attitude towards
representatives of other nationalities, directs an aspiration to find out as much as
possible about the culture, identifies the claim for individual freedom, ability to
defend their positions and ideals, show spiritual flexibility and understanding of

the need for compromises. Intercultural communication is a process that gives
some ideas about the culture of a particular people, its values and traditions. A
process of communication between people is not only a process of information

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