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ЛЕКЦІЯ 8

THE SIMPLE SENTENCE; PARTS OF THE SENTENCE

OUTLINES:

1. General characteristics: the subject and predicate
2. The subject
3. The predicate
4. The object
5. The attribute
6. The adverbial modifier

Key words: complements, attributes, extentions, specifiers.

1. General characteristics: the subject and predicate

Traditionally the subject and the predicate are regarded as
the primary or principal parts of the sentence and the attribute, the
object and the adverbial modifier — as the secondary parts of the
sentence. This opposition primary — secondary is justified by the
difference in function. While the subject and the predicate make
the predication and thus constitute the sentence, the secondary
parts serve to expand it by being added to the words of the
predication in accordance with their combinability as words. Thus
the sentence combines syntactical or morphological relations.
So the chief criterion for the division of all words of a
sentence into parts of the sentence is their combinability. Thus
combinability is the property that correlates parts of speech and
parts of the sentence as well as the functions of notional and
semi-notional words.
Those notional words in a sentence which are adjuncts of
certain head-words will be divided in accordance with their head-
words into attributes, complements and extensions.

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