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3) With the compound predicate pointing out towards the
time or space: It was nine. It was five miles to the town. Була
дев'ята година. До міста було п'ять миль.
4) with the simple predicate, expressed by the passive form
of the verb, which points towards the fact that the content of the
sentence is some general idea: It is said ... Кажуть ...
In the majority of cases the subject in English and Ukrainian
sentences is expressed by similar parts of speech. But the
peculiarities of the English language in this respect are the
following:
1) the role of the subject can be widely performed by the
nonverbal part of speech — gerund, e.g.: Smoking is bad for health;
In Ukrainian there are no such verb forms and in these cases
subordinate sentences are widely used.
2) the role of the subject can be performed by the gerundial
construction, e.g.: John's coming here will spoil everything.
To conclude, if we compare the subject in English with that
in Ukrainian we shall find the following differences between them.
1) in modern Ukrainian the subject is as a rule characterized
by a distinct morphological feature — the nominative case, whereas
in English it is for the most part (unless it is expressed by a personal

pronoun or the pronoun who in the nominative case) indicated by the
position it occupies in the sentence;
2) In modern Ukrainian the subject is much less obligatory
as a part of the sentence than in English. One-member sentences are
numerous and of various types, among them sentences like Прийду.
Пише. In English a finite verb (except the 'imperative mood' forms)
does not, as a rule, make a sentence without a subject.
3.) In English the subject may be a syntactical word-
morpheme, a gerund or a complex, which is naturally alien to
Ukrainian.

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