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Absolutely allomorphic (for English) is the formation of
Ukrainian adjectives with the help of diminutive and
augmentative suffixes.
Of allomorphic nature in both languages are compound
adjectives. In Ukrainian they have always, naturally, their endings
for gender case and number but in English they are marked by -ing
or -ed endings; sometimes by the -ty suffix or without any markers
at all.
Grading of Adjective in English and Ukrainian
Languages
Gradibility in both contrasted languages is achieved by
means of the positive, the comparative and the superlative
degrees markers. The way of grading in the contrasted languages
may by synthetic or analytical. The employment of the synthetic
way of grading is restricted in English mostly to basic adjectives
(big-bigger-biggest); adjectives in -able, -er, -ow (narrow-
narrower- narrowest); two -syllable adjectives with the
concluding stressed syllable (concise-concise- consisest).
The analytical forms of grading are more often employed
in English than in Ukrainian: important/ more/ less. In Ukrainian
the syntactic way of grading is more often used (добрий,
добріший, найдобріший) by means of the suffixes -іш, -ш and the
prefixes най-, щонай-, якнай-.
Of isomorphic nature in the contrastive languages is the
existence of suppletivity (in English and Ukrainian) e.g. good,
better, the best; добрий, кращий, найкращий.
Isomorphic is the process of substantivization of adjectives
in English and Ukrainian. There being distinguished:
1) wholly substantivized adjectives (a native, a relative,
черговий);
2) partially substantivized adjectives (the poor, the rich,
головне, важливе).
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