Page 28 - 4723
P. 28

Absolutely  allomorphic  (for  English)  is  the  formation  of
                            Ukrainian  adjectives  with  the  help  of  diminutive  and
                            augmentative suffixes.
                                   Of  allomorphic  nature  in  both  languages  are  compound
                            adjectives.  In Ukrainian they have always, naturally, their endings
                            for gender case and number but in English they are marked by -ing
                            or -ed endings; sometimes by the -ty suffix or without any markers
                            at all.

                                        Grading of Adjective in English and Ukrainian
                                                       Languages

                                   Gradibility  in  both  contrasted  languages  is  achieved  by
                            means  of  the  positive,  the  comparative  and  the  superlative
                            degrees markers. The way of grading in the contrasted languages
                            may by synthetic or analytical. The employment of the synthetic
                            way of grading is restricted in English mostly to basic adjectives
                            (big-bigger-biggest);  adjectives  in  -able,  -er,  -ow  (narrow-
                            narrower-  narrowest);  two  -syllable  adjectives  with  the
                            concluding stressed syllable (concise-concise- consisest).
                                   The analytical forms of grading are more often employed
                            in English than in Ukrainian: important/ more/ less. In Ukrainian
                            the  syntactic  way  of  grading  is  more  often  used  (добрий,
                            добріший, найдобріший) by means of the suffixes -іш, -ш and the
                            prefixes най-, щонай-, якнай-.
                                   Of  isomorphic  nature  in  the  contrastive  languages  is  the
                            existence  of  suppletivity  (in  English  and  Ukrainian)  e.g.  good,
                            better, the best; добрий, кращий, найкращий.
                                   Isomorphic is the process of substantivization of adjectives
                            in English and Ukrainian. There being distinguished:
                                   1)  wholly  substantivized  adjectives  (a  native,  a  relative,
                            черговий);
                                   2)  partially  substantivized  adjectives  (the  poor,  the  rich,
                            головне, важливе).



















                                                           27
   23   24   25   26   27   28   29   30   31   32   33