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army retreated from Kyiv, believing that the
commandment would solve the question.
August, 27 The new government of Isaak Mazepa was
1919 formed in Kamyanets-Podilsky.
September, 14 In attempt to raise the spirit of troops and
1919 mass after leaving Kyiv, the leaders of UPR
conducted a public ceremony of solemn oath
and army to loyalty to UPR in Kamyanets-
Podilsky. However, the oath was not made
neither by Halychyna government, nor by Y.
Petrushevych, a member of Directory from
WUPR.
September- Mass uprisings against A. Denikin’s regime.
October 1919 People were dissatisfied with the “white
terror”. The detachments of revolutionary
insurrectional army of Nestor Makhno
(about 50 thousand) wreaked White Guard
troops considerably. On September, 27 the
crucial battle of N. Makhno’s army and A.
Denikin’s army took place near Perehonivka
village. White Guard army was defeated (they
lost about 18 thousand people). The victory
opened N. Makhno the way to Katerynoslav
area and forth to territories of Southern
Ukraine. As a result of raid by the rear of A.
Denikin’s troops, N. Makhno got the control
over great areas of the south of Ukraine. On
the liberated territories the life was based on
the principles local self-government and ideas
of “free Soviet order”, where the power of
working people was not controlled by
political parties, including the Communist
Party.

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