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1912 (dated of June,3) Among 111 deputies from
Ukrainian provinces 77 of them (69%) were
landlords and clergymen. 37 Ukrainian
deputies in March 1908 introduced a bill
about obtaining permission “to teach in
Ukrainian in primary schools situated in
places with Little Russian population”. The
Duma did not approve that bill. It proved the
fact of intensification of national oppression
and a wild outburst of autocratic chauvinism.
1908 The foundation of Ukrainian Progressives’
Society (UPC). Under conditions of political
repressions and prohibition of many parties’
legal activity, it was resolved to refuse from
party activity and statrted functioning as a
non-party organization. The leaders of the
society were as follows: S. Yefremov, Y.
Chykalenko, M. Hrushevsky. Their program
included such issues as:
1) parliamentarism as a basis of the social
structure; the rights of Ukrainians had to be
defended in State Duma;
2) reorganization of Russia on the principles
of federalism as a means of to ensure national
and territory autonomy of Ukraine;
3) ukrainization of education, church, etc.
1908 The foundation of chauvinistic organization
“The Russian Nationalists’ Club” in Kyiv.
Its departments were opened in many cities of
Ukraine. They were trying to convince
everybody that Ukrainians were only a branch
of the united Russian people and that common
feature was based on a sole Orthodox

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