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take away books in Ukrainian from libraries;
5. it was resolved to close South-Western
department of the Russian Geographical
Society and ban publication of “Kiev
telegraph” newspaper.
The Ems decree was a vivid manifestation of
oppressing, colonial policy of tsarism. The
decree hindered the development of Ukrainian
culture and national movement but it failed to
stop it completely.
1878-1872 M. Dragomanov published magazine
“Hromada” (Community) in Geneva.
1880 “New Testament” translated by P. Kulish and
I. Pulyui was published in Ukrainian.
1881 Explanation by Ministry of Internal Affairs
as for the Ems decree of 1876. It was not
reversed, but some amendments were made to
it:
1. it was allowed to publish in Ukrainian
including dictionaries (in Russian alphabet)
except for fiction literature and historic
documents;
2. local authorities got the right to take
decisions regarding Ukrainian performances.
Despite the amendments, the Ems decree was
in force till the revolution of 1905-1907.
1882 “Kiev antiquities”, a historical-
ethnographical and literary magazine was
opened. It was founded by the initiative of
historians O. Lazarevsky, V. Antonovych, F.
Lebedyntsev (the first editor) and was
published with the financial support of
Ukrainian sugar manufacturer V. Symyrenko

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