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… I examine the nature/ characteristics/ features/ functions of P.
… I (will) concentrate on/ argue that/ review P.
… I want/ wish to turn to examples/ instances of P.
1.1.2 Summary lead: crucial information first

•  The structure of the article is as follows. The first section reviews/ describes/
clarifies/ outlines/ sketches P. Section 2 portrays/ dwells on/ enlarges upon/
shows that Q. Section 3 argues that P. The final section proposes/ summarizes/
spells out in (more) detail R.
•  In this article I review/ debate the problems (and advantages) of P, and argue
that Q. I claim/ demonstrate/ suggest that (insufficient attention has been paid to)
Q. In particular, it will be shown that R.
 In this paper, I attempt to clarify the relation of P and Q. To do so, I first present
R. I then attempt to show that P. In conclusion, S is considered.
•  This paper presents a new (complex/ algorithmic/ structural) approach to the
study of P. The empirical results are described in section 1. In section 2, I will
address/ discuss/ characterize/ comment on/ specify/ tackle Q. Section 3 turns to
Р/ presents theoretical results. Section 4 concludes with a discussion of
implications/ consequences of R.
•  This paper proposes a new methodological framework within which P can be
studied. After analyzing the data, it is concluded that Q. The results of the study
are evaluated and assessed in the light of the problems of Q. Additionally, R is
examined.

1.1.3 Materials and methods

•  In our study …
... we have adopted / applied an innovative approach to testing/ modeling P.
... we develop/ offer/ provide/ rely on/ try/ work out/ use a method of P.
... P is dealt with/ analyzed within a functional framework/paradigm/
perspective.
•  Our analysis/ investigation ...
… is based on evidence/ calculations/estimates of P.
... capitalizes on/ proceeds on the idea/ findings of P.
... rests on/ focuses on/ involves observations of P.
•  This method / approach / framework ...
… enables predictions of/ allows decisions on P.
… helps to investigate/ display/ elucidate/ illuminate P.
... offers a clear/ practical way to implement P.
... serves for/ aids in organizing the knowledge about P.
... combines functional with formal explanation.

1.2 Compositional formulas

1.2.1 Transitions: Cross-reference, interlinks between sections/ points;
organizing the exposition
•  Our purpose / aim / concern … here is …
… to improve our knowledge of P.
… to help scientists to prepare manuscripts.