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The Supreme Court is the highest judicial organ and the
Supreme Court Building is in Washington D.C. The Supreme Court
consists of the Chief Justice of the US and eight Associate Justices.
They are all appointed by the President and approved by the Senate.
The Supreme Court like the Supreme Court in Ukraine has the right to
declare unconstitutional any law passed by Congress or any order
issued by the President. The decision of the Supreme Court is final.
The USA is divided into 11 judicial circuits and each one is
served with a Federal Court of Appeals. As a rule the Court of Appeals
sits with three judges on the bench.
There are about 90 district courts in different parts of the US.
The district courts are the lowest ones in the Federal court system.
There are about two hundred district judges in the USA. In most of the
states the lowest courts are the magistrates, or police courts.
The most common type of law court in the UK is the
magistrates' court. There are 700 magistrates’ courts there.
More serious criminal cases go to the Crown Court, which has
90 branches in different towns and cities.
Civil cases (for example, divorce or bankruptcy cases) are dealt
with in County courts.
Appeals are heard by higher courts. For example, appeals from
magistrates' court are heard in the Crown Court, unless they are
appeals on points of law. The highest court of appeal in England and
Wales is the House of Lords.
Certain cases may be referred to the European Court of Justice
in Luxembourg or to the European Court of Human Rights set up in
Strasbourg.
The legal system also includes juvenile courts (which deal with
offenders under seventeen) and coroners' courts (which investigate
violent, sudden or unnatural deaths).