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civil aviation, railway transport, military personnel under disciplines,
as well as disciplinary liability of judges and certain categories of
officials, whose cases are reviewed and resolved by special
disciplinary panels.
From punitive, punitive liability differs the law of recovery,
consisting in the restoration of illegally violated rights in the
enforcement of unfulfilled duty. The peculiarity of this type of
responsibility is that in a number of cases the offender can, without
the intent of the state authorities, fulfil his duties, restore the violated
rights, stop the unlawful state. On this, as noted, additional sanctions
are imposed on the perpetrator in the process of implementing these
relations of responsibility (fine, fine, etc.). Responsible liability arises
from the moment of the offense and ends with the restoration (within
the limits established by the law) of the violated law and order.
Procedural norms regulate the implementation of this type of liability
in the event of a dispute (in court, in arbitration) or in the case of
refusal of the offender to restore the violated law and order
(enforcement proceedings).
Civil liability. Civil law distinguishes between types of
accountability according to different criteria. Thus, on the grounds of
rights and obligations for violation of which the responsibility is
established, it is divided into contractual and non-contractual.
The contract is considered to be liability in the form of
indemnity, payment of a penalty, loss of deposit or depriving a
subjective right for failure to perform or improper performance of the
obligation arising out of the contract. Non-contractual liability arises
for the training of one person's wrongful acts against another in the
absence of an agreement between them or regardless of the contractual
relationship available between them. It comes for violation of the duty
established by the by-laws or by-laws, and is often expressed in the
form of damages. Thus, according to Part 1 of Art. 1195 The Central
Committee of the physical or legal person who has damaged the injury
or other damage to health of an individual will be obliged to
compensate the wage earner (income) lost by him as a result of loss or
reduction of professional or general ability to work, as well as to
offset additional expenses caused the need for enhanced nutrition, spa
treatment, the purchase of medicines, prosthetics, out-of-home care,
etc. In this case, responsibility is unconventional, although the victim
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