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•  Very little of this research ... permits unequivocal cause-effect statements.
 This defect ... has eluded the investigator / escaped notice.
 The lack of consistent criteria ... leads to the misconception that P.
 The misconception that P ... lies in the confusion between R and Q.
 The misconception that P ... lies in the lack of consistent criteria for Q.
•  F ... fails to answer the question whether Р / to find unambiguous statistical
evidence for P.
… improperly cites these studies/ uses the formula in an incorrect way.
… adopts a rather controversial notion of Р/does not report data in an organized
fashion.
•  By P, ... F surely undermines the unity of the analysis.
 Р/ This ... is due to faulty manipulations/ is grossly overestimated.
… is a frustratingly speculative idea/ is a misleading comparison.
… is exactly what such research cannot take for granted.
… still tends to be dismissed by F/ leads to misunderstanding.
… shows the limits (disadvantages) of the approach.
… shows that this approach is only suited for Q.
… reveals the restricted use of the method.
… seems to me a major drawback to the approach.
•  These comments are not meant to be interpreted as an argument against F;
they merely suggest that P.
•  It seems (a bit) artificial to have P in such matters restricted by Q.
 It seems unlikely that this theory will capture all the aspects of P.
•  It is nonsensical / an error to regard P as Q/ to presume that P.
 It is doubtful/ I doubt that Р/ if this claim is true.
 It is my (firm) belief/ My suspicion is that P (is erroneous).
 It is not even a half truth to say that P.
 It is perhaps a symptom of the reductionist tendency deplored by F.
•  I am unsure whether P (is possible).
 I am afraid/ not sure/1 am not convinced that P.
 I am skeptical/ critical/ suspicious of an account which assumes that P.
•  I object to/ refute the statement/ argument that P.
 I cannot see any immediate gain to be had from adopting this possibility.

1.4. Data analysis

1.4.1. Empirical observations, data, illustrations, examples
•  Our description ... rests on evidence obtained experimentally.
 Our analysis ... rest on evidence available from biology.
 This research/ study/ claim ... rests on findings/ materials of P.
 This investigation ... draws on observations of P.
 We limit the analysis to ... two phenomena (sample cases/substances), P and Q.
 Turning to the data under consideration, ... we should consider P (we shall see if
P).
 Using examples drawn from recorded conversations, ... we shall explore P.
 It is important … to examine P and determine/ establish Q.

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