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2.7 Mechanical tests of materials under static tensile
and compression
The materials used in engineering practice can be divided into
two groups: plastic, which are destroyed after the appearance of
considerable residual deformation and fragile, which are destroyed
at very low residual deformations.
The basic mechanical characteristics of the plastic material
(such as mild steel) are determined by testing in tension. For this
purpose, samples of standard shapes and sizes and frangible or
universal machine are used. During the trial the deleted curve
shows the relationship between the load P acting on the sample,
and its absolute elongation l .
Figure 2.9
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