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structure. The given model is introduced through the biological “Me”
personal and individual “Ego” and social “Super-ego” as equal
organizations.

According to Freud, human behavior is controlled by the irrational
forces. Freudism has spread on some other spheres of human
manifestation - religion, art, social adaptation, it developed in the

concept of neo-Freudism and ha also spread on morality, folklore and
culture of the 20th century. Prominent representatives of Freudism are
Erich Fromm and Carl Jung.
E. Fromm (1990 – 1980) introduces the concept of social character

as a chain that joins the psyche of an individual and social structure of a
society. This determination is vividly expressed in his study “Spiritual
essence of a man”, which is recommended for individual study. Social

estrangement according to Fromm is determined not only by individual
and psychological factors (Freud) or economical (Marx), but by social
and cultural. Spreading the psychological and spiritual values,
upbringing of individuals by using the methods of humanistic ethics and

authority are considered by the author to be the most effective means of
stabilizing the social system. Studying the work “Escape from freedom”
pay attention to the fact that the thinker underlines the authenticity of

human existence, as a main tendency of the development in western
civilization.
International students should note that in the European philosophic

culture the great number of notions and categories have their own
tradition and history of origin, except the etymological precision. So,
neo-Thomism is the official philosophic doctrine of the Catholic Church,

owning its name to the doctrine of the medieval thinker – Thomas
Aquinas. Today this is the authoritative and influential doctrine of
modern philosophic anthropology, the highest reality of which is “clear
being” as a spiritual, goddess beginning. Among the productive ideas of

neo-Thomism the theory of evolution of the universe by Teiard-de-
Sharden (1881-1955) should be mentioned. Some modern neo-Thomists
try to follow the concept of “cosmological evidence” of the God’s

existence; the others try to draw smb’s attention to the human being. The
others show the hierarchy of values. The role of humanitarian tendencies
the interest to the certain personality, behavior, morality increase. The
main thing in human-study searches according to the modern neo-

Thomists is the search of their own “self”, unique spiritual world,
striving for perfection. Certainly these Thomists-reformers connect their
philosophic activity with the esthetical problems, among which are:

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