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the human being and true human communication in different forms. This
trend made a great impression not only on the artistic thinking of
modernity, but it had been directly the intellectual potential of social

philosophy for two centuries, through the humanism leading its way to
civilization, spiritual world and union.
Z.P. Sartre /1905 – 1980/ is a representative of existentialism, the

philosophy that describes extremely contradictory human existence, its
mode. A human being for herself is the source of all the values and
moral principles, her modi and states are redetermined by a situation.
Sartre emphasizes the importance of choice and initiative of a subject,

which connects his ideas with the ideas of Fihte, at the same time
individual choice, which is made by self – sufficient individual is a
choice for everyone and has all human sense, which connects Sartre with

the categorical imperative of Kant. The philosophical thoughts of French
philosopher “Existentialism is humanism” open the essence of a human
being, who constantly tries to find himself, possesses absolute freedom
and responsibility for himself and for humanity. As the indicated work is

the exposition of the main ideas of the fundamental treatise by Sartre
“Being and Nothing” the students should pay attention to important
categorical forms, such as: existence, a structure and peculiar state of a

personality, chance of being, open diversity of the history and world etc.
A. Camus (1931 – 1960) was a moralist, dramatist, publicist,
philosopher – existentialist, whose ideas penetrated into the mass

consciousness as apessimistic (”pantragic“) study of absurdity of human
existence. In his work “Myth about Sizif” he presented traditional
subject of existentialism – the necessity of making a choice in

uncommon situation. In the context of existence of fear, hope, emotional
experience, search, firmness A. Camus describes from different points,
of their symbolically dwells on the sense of human life, which borders
on absurd – that is clear mind. Such paradoxical relationship shows all

the nuances of human estrangement, its predestination, which brings
suddenly to the realization of the revolt of freedom by a man. Humanism
is the way to civilization, spirituality, uniting of all the people. The

priority of existentialists in grounding the philosophy of individual
existence of a man in the world determination of choice and actions,
freedom the guarantee of which is the memory of death should be noted.
This trend had strong influence not only on literary thought of modern

civilization, but continuous to influence and direct intellectual potential
of social philosophy.

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