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should be mentioned that his moral philosophy had enormous
development and great influence on philosophical trends of Western
countries.

While studying the German classicists, namely of I. Kant, foreign
students may have difficulties in mastering the new terms, notions and
categories, which practically don’t have analogues in the philosophic

thought of the East. So, I. Kant introduced the understanding of the
world through the division of it into “a thing in itself” and “a thing for
itself”. According to Kant, we can cognize only phenomena, because
they are the methods, with the help of which things reveal in our

experience. Kant emphasized the conception of apriorism, which proves
that knowledge received from experience and on the independent from it
basis is authentic. With the help of such aprioristic forms Kant tried to

investigate space and time. The category of mind is introduced as the
absolute knowledge through it’s anti-nome.
In the history of the East, in particular in ancient civilizations, such
as Mesopotamia, there was the culture of transcendental world-outlook,

Kant introduced this philosophy in his natural-scientific studies, for
example, “nebular” cosmogonic theory. Kant’s formulation of the
conditions for “categorical imperative” is unique for the understanding

of the postulates concerning the doctrines about morality of European
people. This postulate is the supreme principle, that comes not from
empiric nature of human-being, but from transcendentality. Kant’s moral

philosophy was developed on the European continent and it influenced
the culture of modern philosophic and anthropologic doctrines.
H. Hegel (1770-1831) – is the creator of the philosophic system,

which has encyclopedic character. Being an objective idealist, the
philosopher uses the principle of triad and through a three-step cycle of
the universal spirit (idea) development, forms the dialectics, as a single
adequate subject of the method.

G. Hegel explains the problem of humanity and “human spirit”
from the point of view of objective idealism. The book by Hegel
“Phenomenology of spirit” is unique in its content and method of

dialectical cognition. The material of this book which is recommended
for the students shows the formation and development of consciousness
by separating it from the body, the perception, the external world and
than its formation as a subjective spirit in its movement to the absolute.

The attention should be paid to three moments, that are periods of
historical formation and development of dialectical thought, which is
incarnation for the sense of human mind, its purpose. The theory of

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