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Hegel has much to do with the problem of upbringing a human being
with the help of labor, which he considered to be the main factor of the
historical development and cognition on the way to the truth, to the

“moral society”. It`s interesting to study his work “The philosophy of
history”, where the scientist points out three main phases in philosophy
and its realization. The development of the “world`s spirit” takes place

because of the active participation of a human being /“all-world-acting
individuals”/. Analyzing this lecture by Hegel both positive and negative
influence on the following anthropological tradition should be taken into
consideration.

It goes without saying, that to reach the depth of Hegel philosophy,
one should study such works as “Encyclopedia of philosophic sciences”,
“Science of logic”, “Phenomenology of spirit”. So, this great German

philosopher worked at the history of philosophy, investigated the
philosophy of right, morality, religion and art.
In his dialectological concept Hegel introduced the development of
the world as a self-development of the absolute idea, all forms of being

are the forms of self-alienation and self-expression of this idea. Hence, it
follows that a clear hierarchical system, which is, at the same time, a
method and logic of the existence of the world, and it is given by the

German classic in the form of laws and categories of dialectology. To
Hegel’s mind, the Prussian monarchy, as a final aim of government’s
development, is the ideal model of monarchy in social order.

I. Fihte (1762 – 1814) is known as a philosopher of subjective and
voluntary trend in idealism, who regarded the problem of human “Me”
in a special way. Highly appreciating the philosophy as a science he

considers it to be the source of human power, unlimited activity.
Studying the recommended works by Fihter we should pay attention to
his objection to the agnosticism by Kant and reestablishment of the
human right to theoretical cognition of the world, that is an important

requirement of the epoch. “Absolute freedom of a man” is the central
principal in the problem of a human being philosophy. According to
Fihte due to this problem, the development of reality is formed and the

cognition of the necessity by a man takes place. Despite Spinoza this
philosopher regards freedom as something caused by different historical
epochs.
L. Feuerbach acts as a founder of anthropological materialism in

the history of philosophy. He criticized religion and idealism from the
point of view of high theoretical principles. He was the first to introduce
the concept of estrangement as the religious phenomenon in historical

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