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2 Cyclic closed cycle
of Carbon
atoms

a) carbocyclic

I) alicyclic the cycle H 2
consists H 2 C
C H 2 C CH 2
only of
Carbon H 2 C CH 2 H 2 C CH 2
C
atoms H
2

II) aromatic available H H
C C CH
benzene H C CH H C 3
ring H C CH H C CH
C C
H H

b) heterocyclic The ring O
consists of
atoms S, N, N S
O, and the піридин фуран тіофен
pyridine furam thiophene
like

Atoms and atomic groups with high reactivity determine the
properties of organic compounds. They are called functional
groups. Depending on the nature of the functional group, the
organic compounds are divided into classes (Table 1.2.).

Table 1.2 - Basic classes of organic compounds
Class Functional Group name Denotes