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Laboratory work № 5

DRIVE LINE, REAR-AXLE GEAR DRIVE AND
DIFFERENTIAL GEAR , WHEEL DRIVE OF AUTOMOBILE

1 The purpose of the work is to study the designation,
kinematic schemes, design features of powertrains, as well as
possible problems with their parts.

2 Basic theoretical provisions
Studying cardan gears and couplings, it should be noted that
they are used to transfer the torque between the shafts whose axes
do not coincide, are placed at an angle to each other, or change the
mutual position during operation. Cardan gear is used to transfer
the torque between the shafts, which are spaced apart from each
other and consist of cardan shafts, cardan hinges and intermediate
supports.
Drive lines are classified:
by appointment:
a) to drive the mechanisms of driving bridges, which change
their position relative to the frame of the car (maximum angle
between the axes of cardan shafts 15-20 °);
b) to drive mechanisms mounted on a frame and have small
relative displacements (angle 3-5 °);
c) for driving wheels with independent suspension (angle up
to 20 °), driving and steering wheels (angle 30-40 °);
г) for the drive of additional mechanisms: winches, pumps,
etc. (angle 15-20 °);
by number of cardan hinges:
single (single-hinged), double (double-hinged), multi-hinged;
by design:
open, closed.
Cardan hinges are distinguished by the size of the permissible
angle between the shafts: full cardan and semi-cardan. Full cardans
are used at maximum angles between shafts up to 30-40 °, semi-
cardan - at angles between shafts, no more than 3-5 °. Full cardina

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