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Using data from English, T. Cabré (1999) describes three
forms of neoclassical borrowing. First, form in which the
neoclassical words consist of formatives from both Latin and
Greek. The following are examples: bigamy, pluviometer, tripod,
mammography. Second, form in which there is combination of a
neoclassical formative with an English formative: infrared,
lumpectomy, microwave. Third, form in which the blending of
English first syllable of one term and the final syllable of another
is used to create terms that sound neoclassical as in:
ballute (balloon + parachute)
electrocute (electro+ execute)
tangelo (tangerine + pomelo)
T. Cabré claims that international terminology standards
explicitly places much value on the use neoclassical stems and
affixes to form new terms in order to encourage the nature of
designations. The recommendation, according to Cabré, is not
always followed.
T. Cabré describes true borrowings as lexical units that come
from a foreign language system which have been incorporated into
a language either consciously or not. She cites the following
English terms as being widely used in other languages: camping,
cash flow, compact disc, mouse.
In English we single out the following borrowings
Language Borrowing
French aileron, empennage
Italian ciao, confetti, graffiti, gondola
Spanish patio
Mexican-Spanish chilli, burrito, tequila, tortilla,
curry
German Bildungsroman,
Weltanschauung, gneiss,
Russian perestroika
Indian Karma, pyjamas

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