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which is leaning forward. Here we observe the resemblance of the
form: animal horn and horn of the wheel are protruding forward.
In denomination due to the similarity of external features the
names of animals are often used. For example, interminable screw
in several languages got the name of the worm: Eng. worm, germ.
Wurm, рос червяк; butterfly – передавальний пристрій у
нафтогазовій термінології, spider – пошуковий агент у
комп’ютерній термінології .
The name of the separate parts of the body of human or
animal is often used. In all languages the following names of
machine parts are eye, head, lips, teeth, knee, leg, foot, finger;
claw – лапа (луфти), arm – лапа долота; belly – потовщення
пласта; finger – язик заводнення.
The names of clothing is often used for naming machine
parts: Eng. muff, Ger. Muffe, Укр.. муфта , Eng. shoe, укр..
башмак).
The nomination basing on the similarity of function is often
combined with the nomination basing on the similarity of external
features. Wing of the aircraft resembles the bird’s wing according
to the function and form. The same we observe with the term leg.
Nomination basing on the contiguity of concepts is based on
the fact that there are relationship of the type "part-whole", "action
result", "cause-effect" and so on between term concept and
common concepts. In this case, the names of the part can be used
for the naming the whole. For example, motor means мотор and
автомобіль, engine – мотор and паротяг
The borrowing from the common language is one of the
main and permanent sources of building professional terminology
in all languages. Ukrainian, English, German are of no exception.
Especially, this method is widely used in contemporary English
terminology. Word-prototypes continues to function in the system
of the common vocabulary but "creates" a new lexical unit - a term
that becomes a part of another terminology systems and acquires
new features

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