Page 43 - 4723

Grammatical categories of pronouns

The category of number is only characteristic of the
English demonstrative pronouns (this, that), the differentiating
pronoun (other) reflexive and strengthening pronouns (myself-
ourselves).
In Ukrainian the category of number is expressed by
demonstrative pronouns (той, цей, такий), possessive pronouns
(мій – мої).Some interrogative and relative pronouns (який, чий,
котрий) and created from them negative pronouns (ніякий,
нічий) and indefinite pronouns (деякий, абиякий), as well as in
some defining pronouns (всякий, кожний, інший, сам. весь).All
the mentioned Ukrainian pronouns also have the category of
gender, which is absolutely missing for English pronouns.
The category of case is expressed in the system of English
pronouns also unequally. Some part of pronouns has like nouns
the common and possessive cases (indefinite, reciprocal, the
indefinite-personal and defining pronouns), the rest (personal,
interrogative and relative pronouns) have unlike English nouns
the nominative and the objective cases.
In Ukrainian pronouns have six cases as the nouns. But
similar to numerals, Ukrainian pronouns do not have the common
system of declination. A lot of pronouns are characterized by the
suppletivism in their declension (the absence of the stable stem to
which the case endings are added: я – мене, він – його, хто –
кого, що – чого). (Compare: I –me, she – her, we – us).

3. Adverb as a part of speech in English and Ukrainian
languages

In both languages adverbs are modifiers of verbs and
adjectives, in English they are also modifiers of the words of the
category of state (also called “statives” or “ad links”).

42