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Personification is a figure of speech in which a thing, an idea
or an animal is given human attributes. The non-human objects are
portrayed in such a way that we feel they have the ability to act like
human beings. For example, when we say, “The sky weeps” we are
giving the sky the ability to cry, which is a human quality. Thus, we
can say that the sky has been personified in the given sentence.
Examples of metaphors:
The bottom of the stack will sit in the cellar, below ground
level.
The oil industry extended its search for oil and gas to all
corners of the globe.

14 Define whether the following words are jargonisms or
professionalisms and translate them into Ukrainian.
Derrick, toolpusher, mast, joint, to make hole, drawworks,
polyurethane, cat line, doghouse, casing, 155elly, roustabout, seismic
records, trip, blowout, associated gas.

15 Find and explain stylistic means that are used in the
following sentences.
1 The rig boss may have the intriguing title of “toolpusher”; or, rig
workers may call him or her the “rig superintendent,” or the “rig
manager.”
2 Nowadays, the drilling industry leans towards the term rig
superintendent or rig manager for the person in charge.
3 Petroleum is optically active — that is, it is able to rotate the plane
of polarized light.
4 When crew members are ready to add the joint to the drill string as
the hole deepens, they add it from the mousehole.
5 The inorganic theory of the origin of petroleum makes it necessary
for the oil and gas to have migrated great distances to be found in
the places they now occupy.

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