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from organic sedimentary rocks, which consist of organic carbon from the remains of
partially altered plant material.
5. Particle size is the primary basis for distinguishing among various detrital sedimentary
rocks.
6. Common chemical sedimentary rocks include shale (silt- and clay-size particles),
sandstone, and conglomerate (rounded gravel-size particles) or breccia (angular gravel-size
particles).
7. Precipitation of chemical sediments occurs in two ways: (1) by inorganic processes, such as
evaporation and chemical activity; or (2) by organic processes of water-dwelling organisms
that produce sediments of biochemical origin.
8. Diagenesis refers to all of the physical, chemical, and biological changes that occur after
sediments are deposited and during and after the time they are turned into sedimentary rock.

Task 2. Fill in the gaps in the following summary with the suitable words and word
combinations:

Shale, a clastic texture, coal, particle size, limestone, chemical
1
Sedimentary rocks are divided into three groups: detrital, … , and organic. All detrital rocks
2
have … , which consists of discrete fragments and particles that are cemented and compacted
3
together. The main criterion for subdividing the detrital rocks is… . Common detrital rocks
4
include conglomerate, sandstone, and … . The primary basis for distinguishing among different
rocks in the chemical group is their mineral composition. Some chemical rocks, such as those
deposited when seawater evaporates, have a nonclastic (crystalline) texture in which the minerals
form a pattern of interlocking crystals. However, in reality, many of the sedimentary rocks
classified into the chemical group also contain at least small quantities of detrital sediment.
5
6
Common chemical rocks include … , chert, and rock gypsum. … is the primary example of an
organic sedimentary rock.
UNIT 3
SEDIMENTARY ROCKS
PART 2
NONMETALLIC MINERAL RESOURCES. ENERGY RESOURCES

Task 1. Read and memorize the following words:
Nonmetallic - нерудний abrasive - шліфувальний або абразивний
матеріал
food crop – продовольчі acidic soils – кислі ґрунти
сільськогосподарські культури
cut stone – тесаний камінь wallboard – будівельний картон, суха
штукатурка, оббив очний картон або плита
tile - плитка concrete - бетон
garnet - гранат corundum - корунд
shale - сланець

Task 2. Transcribe and translate the following nouns: fluorite, limestone, gypsum,
cement, concrete, corundum, garnet. Will you be able to classify them from the geological
point of view?

Task 3. Read the following text, translate it into Ukrainian.

Nonmetallic Mineral Resources from Sedimentary Rocks