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used as they were cheaper, simpler and
generally more available;
3) further land development took place, the
number of cultivated plants increased,
gardening and vegetable growing were
developing;
4) the first social division of labour occurred
– separation of cattle breeding from
agriculture;
5) the first wheel transport (carts) appeared
making it possible to change places faster;
6) population grew considerably, the number
of settlements and duration of their existence
increased ;
7) property inequalities deepened, tangible
wealth became the property of separate
families, patriarchy became established;
8) the Bronze Age – is a period of “the first
great migration of peoples” connected with
considerable migration processes and
formations of large language groups of
population (ethnoses).
~ since 1 thous. The Iron Age:
B.C. 1) the beginning of iron usage. It was cheaper
and more available, it was easier to mine and
work: iron articles were harder than copper
and bronze articles;
2) application of iron caused the significant
progress in all spheres of manufacture and
conditioned the completion of formation of
property inequalities, appearance of the rich
and the poor. It undermined the initial basis of
equality of men and caused the break-up of

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