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•  (Thus) There is ... evidence that Р/ ample evidence to suggest that P.
 There is ... no evidence whatever that P.
 Evidence ... indicates/ shows/ suggests/ demonstrates that P.
 Further evidence ... includes the facts that P.
 Several lines of evidence ... have shown that Р/ contradict the view that P.
 A considerable amount of evidence ... suggests that P.
 The evidence, taken together, ... suggests that P.
 We have evidence: ... extraterrestrial intelligences are not here.
 This claim/ hypothesis ... does not stand up to real-world evidence.
 These cases/ facts/ observations/ findings/ discoveries ... support our analysis.
 These estimates/ numbers ... support our view.
 We have now ... obtained the evidence that Р/uncovered evidence that Р/tested
the hypothesis.
•  Observations/calculations/measurements/estimates
… have been made to determine P.
… assume that these events led to (are responsible for) P.
… provide evidence for P.
… indicate that these situations are alike/ differ (in a certain respect).
… suggest that these specimens are among the oldest.
… lead to the conclusion that different species respond to P in different ways.
… that other nearby galaxies exhibit similar features.
•  Such forms tend to occur under the following conditions: P
 This effect/ kind of conflict ... is common for long chains/ is relatable to Р/
rarely occurs.
 The pattern ... is apparent in records of P.
 The trend/ tendency ... is different with different types of P.
 These traits ... are similar to each other/ are clearly present in P.
 These links ... indicate that/ permitted P.
•  These factors ...
… influence/ activate/ control/ determine/ obstruct/ impede P.
… appear to be at work in Р/ are linked to P.
… have some bearing on/ contribute to/ are driving the growth of P.
… remain unclear/ are of secondary importance/ clearly dominate.
•  These instances/ phenomena ... tend to form chains/ have in common the fact
that P.
 In some instances/ cases ... P is Q/ there may be Р/ formal analogies can occur.
 The clearest instance of the phenomenon ... is to be found in the relation of P and
Q.
 These observations ... are compatible with/ support the evidence that P.
... permit a reconstruction of P.
... provide (further) impetus for the development of P.
•  My aim has been to develop and illustrate ... principles of / criteria for P.
 I (shall) portray this state of affairs ... using the illustration of P.
 P ... is chosen to illustrate Q (for discussion)/ illustrates the principle.
 This example ... can serve as an illustration.
 The dilemma ... is illustrated with memory-type devices.