Page 115 - The phenomenal demographic and technological changes in the 21st century

5. Mazut pumping plants (are designed, oil and mazut pumping, can also pump, a

screw pump, the main type, are mounted on).

T E X T B

T H E P O W E R P L A N T

1. Прочитайте текст та розкажіть:

a) про походження слова "engine";

b) про основні проблеми, які виникають при конструюванні двигунів;

c) про основні типи двигунів.

1. Any kind of vehicle must be able to move. The ability to move demands power.

A machine that produces mechanical power or energy is called an engine or a

power plant. The word "engine" originally meant any ingenious device, came from

the Greek word "ingenious", clever.

2. It must be started that engines present one of the most interesting groups of

problems considered in the engineering field. The problems dealt with are

different. One of the main problems worked at by the designers is receiving the

maximum possible power or thrust for minimum weight.
3. If used for any vehicle the engine has to have the reduced weight per horse

power of the engine. The weight is included in the factor called the weight power
ratio, which may be defined as the weight in pounds per horse power output.

Another important problem dealt with is that of fuel. Both in the past and today the
designers work at the problem of getting lower specific fuel consumption, when

considered the power they tried to increase the amount of power produced from the

amount of fuel consumed for a given period of time. Specific fuel consumption is

obtained by dividing the weight of the fuel turned per hour by the horse powered

developed.

4. Probably the reduction of fuel consumption can be solved when a nuclear

reactor is used. If used as a source of power the nuclear process gives the most

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