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c ► 9.1 Listen again and complete the following extracts from the conversation using the
words and phrases in the box.
The acid test; back-to-back testing; in the field; mock-up; trial run;
tried-and-tested; validate; virtual;
15 ... the tests would obviously be virtual , based on a computer model.
16 ...go into a wind tunnel, with a scale model, or a full-size .
17 ... it's not just about data gathering. You also have to the data.
18 The only comes when you try out a full-scale prototype in real
conditions. We need to make sure that everything is outside, with a full-
scale .
5 ... with changeable weather, it's not easy to do out .

d Match the words and phrases in Exercise 2c to the definitions (a-h).
a a 3D model simulating shape and size, but without internal components mock-up
b proven to be reliable through real use / trials
c outdoors, in a real situation
d describes something simulated by software, not physical
e a crucial trial to prove whether or not something works
f trials to compare two different solutions, in the same conditions
g prove theoretical concepts by testing them in reality
h a practical test of something new or unknown to discover its effectiveness

e Complete the aerodynamic design development plan of the energy-efficient vehicle using
stages (a-e).
a Test model in wind tunnel to validate data from scale tests
b Carry out back-to-back tests in wind tunnel with mock-ups
c Build full-size working prototype
d Select best design, based on data from wind tunnel tests
e Narrow down design options to three, based on computer data

Aerodynamic design development plan
Experiment using CFD software

Produce reduced-scale mock-ups of designs and test in wind tunnel

Build first full-scale mock-up

Produce two revised designs to improve on full-scale mock-up

Select best design, based on data from tests

Carry out field tests with trial runs outside

3 You are members of a technological research team similar to the one in Exercise 2b.
You have been asked to design a test programme for an experimental system for air-
dropping cargo. Read the brief and, in pairs, discuss the types of test required and their
sequence.
Design brief
The system allows relatively fragile cargo to be air-dropped from planes into remote locations on
the ground. It comprises a parachute, attached to a cylindrical container two metres long with a
diameter of 1.5 metres. The container is surrounded by a deformable protective structure.

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