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Alkyne (unsaturated hydrocarbon acetylene series) - organic
compounds, in which the molecules contain a triple bond.
The general formula C nH 2n-2. They are characterized by the
reactions of accession at the place of the triple bond, as well
as the replacement of the Hydrogen atom near the Carbon
atom, which is connected with another Carbon atom by a
triple bond, for example:

H C C C H + C l H C C C H
3 2 3
C l C l

C l C l
H C C C H + C l
3 2
H C C C H
C l C l 3
C l C l
CH C CH + NaNH NaC C CH + NH 3
3 2 3

Arenes (aromatic hydrocarbons) are organic
compounds in which the molecules contain a benzene core.

CH 3 CH 3

CH
3

Benzene toluene dimethylbenzene

The general formula C nH 2n-6. Despite the considerable
unsaturation, the benzene nucleus is very stable due to the
conjugation between the six p-electrons, so the reaction of
attachment and oxidation of the benzene ring for such
compounds is uncharacteristic, but the substitution reactions
are characteristic. If the benzene nucleus has substituents,
then in subsequent interactions with other compounds, they
direct new substituents to certain positions. Under such