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intelligence (MASINT), human intelligence (HUMINT), or open source intelligence
(OSINT). A GIS user can incorporate and fuse all of these types of intelligence into
applications that provide corroborated GEOINT throughout an organization’s information
system.
GIS enables efficient management of geospatial data, the fusion of geospatial data
with other forms of intelligence collection, and advanced analysis and visual production of
geospatial data. This produces faster, corroborated, and more reliable GEOINT that aims to
reduce uncertainty for a decisionmaker.

2. Answer the following questions:

1. What is GEOINT?
2. In what spheres is GEOINT used for?
3. What are the advantages of GEOINT?
4. What are the disadvantages of GEOINT?
5. In what types of intelligence is GIS used?

3. Give the English equivalents from Text 9:

Геопросторова розвідка, національна безпека, збір розвідувальних даних,
сучасний, надійний, візуальна розвідка, конкурентна розвідка, візуальна інформація,
безпілотний літальний апарат, комерційний супутник, розвідувальне забезпечення.

4. Fill in the blanks with the words from Text 9. Translate them into Ukrainian:

1. Therefore, GIS produces up-to-date, supported, and more reliable __________ to
reduce uncertainty for a __________.
2. There are many types of GIS __________ used in GEOINT and __________.
3. GEOINT, known previously as __________ (IMINT), is an intelligence collection
discipline.
4. Some of the sources of collected imagery information for GEOINT are
__________.
5. The __________ can be disseminated and operated across any __________ of
associated users.

GRAMMAR FOCUS
TO BE GOING TO

5. Make up the sentences with going to:

Example: I’ve won a lot of money. (what/with it?) – What are you going to do with
it?

1. I’m going to a party tonight, (what/wear?) ...................................................
2. Tom has just bought a painting, (where/hang it?) .........................................
3. I’ve decided to have a party, (who/invite?) ..................................................

6. Answer the questions using the construction to be going to:

Example: Have you cleaned the- car? (tomorrow) – Not yet, I am going to clean it
tomorrow.