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6.3. Review of the state and prospects of the development of
the world energy sector.

In the global energy sector, one of the fundamental factors in the

formation of demand for energy is the trends: the growth of the gross
domestic product (GDP) and the reduction of its energy intensity, as
well as reducing the gap in the energy intensity of economies between

countries.
The World Energy Outlook 2014 International Energy Agency
(IEA) study estimates that from 2016 to 2020, the average annual
growth rate of world GDP is projected at 3.8% for the base case

scenario and 3.2% for the pessimistic one.
In the Prospect of World Economic Development Bulletin, dated
January 19, 2016, the International Monetary Fund forecasts global

economic growth at 3.4% in 2016 and 3.6% in 2017.
According to the statistics of the Global Energy Statistical
Yearbook 2015, the energy intensity of world GDP (from PPPs) in

2000-2014 dropped by almost 17.9% versus 14.2% over the previous
decade. In the OECD countries - by 21.2%, in the United States -
29.5%, in China - by 29%, in the EU as a whole - by 22.7%, including

the UK - by 36.4%. At the same time, as the IEA noted in a short
review of the state and prospects of the World Energy Outlook Special
Report 2015, only the energy intensity of the world economy declined
by 2.3% in 2014, which is more than 2 times higher than the global

rate of decline over the past 10 years, which has resulted from
increased energy efficiency and structural changes in most countries
of the world.

According to the IEA, the energy intensity and carbon intensity
of electricity production by 2030 will decrease by 40% due to
increased energy efficiency in key industries and construction, as well
as the implementation of national and international standards for

energy efficiency and energy management. The relatively balanced
development of the world energy market over the last 5 years from the
second half of 2014 was interrupted by a decline in oil prices and a

corresponding shift in commodity flows.
The price for the main fuel - oil, established in recent years
within the limit of 110 dollars. per barrel (Brent), since mid-2014

began to decline, and already in 2015 was in the range of 60 - 40

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