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to go by the name of – бути відомим під ім’ям, жити під ім’ям
in the name of – в ім’я, на честь
one’s good name – добре ім’я
to take someone’s name in vain – згадувати даремно
to named after smb. – називати на честь когось
to give smb. a cold shoulder – холодно приймати когось, погано ставитися до когось
to put one’s shoulder to the wheel – енергійно взятися за роботу
straight from the shoulder – не криючись, відверто
ugly duckling – гидке каченя
to follow one’s nose – іти прямо вперед, керуватися інстинктом
to nose out – випередити на мить, пронюхати, лишити з носом
under one’s nose – з-під носа
to work one’s way – підробляти
to work out – розкритися, закінчитися
to work up – домагатися, повільно досягати чогось
to work wonders – творити дива
to get in someone’s hair – сидіти в печінках
to let down one’s hair – розв’язати язика, розговоритися надто відверто
to split hairs – сперечатися за дрібниці
to make in appearance – з’явитися ненадовго
to keep up appearance – удавати, що нічого не сталося
WRITING
1. Below is part of a letter you receive from your penfriend abroad. Write your reply in
100-120 words.
So I’d really like to know about your favourite family member. Who is it? Why do you
like him or her so much? What does he or she look like? What does he or she do?

2. Comment upon the following essay. Say what you think about the value of a sense of
humour. Prove your statement by examples of your own.
The Value of a Sense of Humour
There are troubles in everybody's life, and very often the small ones are more
irritating than the big ones. But the person who can face his difficulties with a sense of
humour does not allow them to press upon him with an intolerable weight. He throws them
off with a laugh, and emerges on the other side, scatheless.
When you are waiting in a bus queue in the boiling sun and bus after bus goes by
full, you can either fidget and fret, and grumble about the inadequacy of public transport, or
you can amuse yourself by watching the various expressions on the faces of the other
people in the queue, and joking with your neighbours. If you do the first, you will be cross
and tired, and the rest of your day will be ruined; if you have chosen the second, you will
have saved yourself from the worst of the ill-effect of lateness and tiredness, for your nerves
will not have to suffer from irritation.
People who have a sense of humour usually have the power of sympathy strongly
developed. The misdeeds and failures of other people do not shock and revolt them; they see
the funny side, and amusement cannot mix with hatred. It is more at home with tolerance
and pity, and therefore the person with a sense of humour is a lovable and loving person,
one who has a sense of kinship with his fellow men and women.
Laughter is a very good tonic. There are many proverbs about the salutary effect of
laughter, and its infectious nature, and these, like most sayings of the people, are based on
experience of life. The cheerful people are, as a rule, the healthiest, if not always physically,

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