Page 9 - Microsoft Word - 4236

Scales State Standard 2.302-68*
A scale is the correlation of linear sizes of the depiction to the actual sizes of the object.
The various types of scales used in machine drawing are:
1. Full scale
2. Reduced scales (scales of dimensions).
3. Enlarged scales (scales of augmentation).
The standard scales are given in Table 1.2.

Table 1.2 – Scales
1:2; 1:2,5; 1:4; 1:5; 1:10, 1:15; 1:20; 1:25; 1:40; 1:50; 1:75; 1:100;
Reduced scale
1:200; 1:400; 1:500; 1:800; 1:1000
Full scale 1:1
Enlarged scale 2:1; 2,5:1; 4:1; 5:1; 10:1; 20:1; 40:1; 50:1; 100:1
The scale is indicated in the proper column of title block on a drawing .

Lines State Standard 2.303-68*
National Ukrainian Standards established nine types of lines according to its graphical shape and
thickness. All lines of the same type must have the same thickness. For this end they sharpen pencils
in shape of cone or in shape of spade and they use the proper hardness of pencils. Thus lines of s/3
thickness are recommended to draw by pencils of T, 2T, 3T (H, 2H, 3H), and lines of s, s/2 or 1,5s
thickness by pencils of MT, TM (HB, BH).
The types of lines are shown in a table 1.3.

Table 1.3 – Lines
Name Shape Thickness of the Application
line

Continuous thick (S) Working frame of format, lines of
basic 0,5 ... 1,4 mm visible contour

Lines are an extension, dimension,
Continuous thin S/3 ... S/2
leader and shadings

Continuous waved S/3 ... S/2 Break lines

These lines are used to show the
Dashed (hidden) S/3 ... S/2
hidden features of a part.
Dashed pointed S/3 ... S/2 Axial and central lines
(center)
Cutting plane line S ... 1,5 S Line of section

Drawing Fonts State Standard 2.304-81*
Draft fonts are obligatory when lettering the drawings by hand. National Ukrainian Standards
established such dimensions of fonts in millimetres: 1,8; 2,5; 3,5; 5; 7; 10; 14; 20, 28; 40. Font 1,8 is
not recommended. Four types of font are established for Russian, Latin, Greek letters, Arabic and
Roman numerals. Those types of font calls A and B, and each of them may be right (without
inclination), and inclined fonts with angle of 75°. For each type of font its height h is defined by height
of capital letters. Height of letters is measured in millimeters along a perpendicular to the base of an
inscription. Width d of font lines is defined according to type of font. For A font type d=l/14h, and
for E: d=l/10h. It is recommended to make up lettering E inclined font type. Base parameters of E
font type are given in table 2.

9