Page 56 - 416_

appointed by the President. Washington became the only
American city in which the people did not elect its local officials.
Washington grew gradually for many years after the Civil War.
But in 1917, when the United States entered World War I, another
period of enormous growth began. Again, the government needed
new workers to help direct a war effort, and businesses and
services were needed to support them. The city's population in-
creased from about 350,000 when the United States entered the
war to more than 450,000 in 1918, when the war ended. Shortages
developed in housing, office space, schools, and public facilities.
The automobile had replaced the horse as the main means of
transportation in the city. To accommodate the cars, the Mall was
turned into a parking lot. Many new houses, office buildings, and
schools went up during the 1920's.
During the Great Depression of the 1930's, jobs became scarce
in all parts of the United States except Washington. The federal
government became deeply involved in projects designed to end
the depression, and thousands of new government jobs became
available in the capital. The city’s population grew from about
485,000 to 665,000 between 1930 and 1940.

5. Tell whether each of the following statements is true
or false according to the text. Correct the false statements
to make them true:

1. Washington is a symbol of the country’s unity, history, and
democratic tradition.
2. Many people visit the Capitol just to enjoy its beauty and
its reminders of the country's past.
3. The first people known to have lived in the Washington
area were whites who established farms and plantations.
4. In 1749, the federal government moved to Washington
from its temporary capital in New York.
5. Washington's main periods of growth have been times of
crisis, such as wars and depressions.