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The Reading Text

The first readings in any chapter are more general and provide the
framework and background for the topic. The later readings are more
complex. Most readings are intended as homework.

Exercises

Unit 1 in each chapter contains diverse exercises and tasks to
supplement the reading texts.
2. Phonetic exercises include transcribing, intoning, expressive
reading, learning by heart.
3. Vocabulary exercises, varying from chapter to chapter, follow a
number of formats, including definitions, synonyms, antonyms,
word forms, matching, words in sentences, multiple choice, set
expressions, proverbs and sayings.
4. Grammar exercises are expected to develop grammatical
competence in using certain patterns from the main texts.
5. Conversational activities. Their language level and design vary.
Some require that students share information about themselves and
their values. Others aim at teaching students the skills of critical
thinking and comparison. Making up dialogues and situations is
more suitable for lower levels, while role-plying and commenting is
good for more advanced learners. There are a number of
communication activities which engage students in thought-
provoking interaction, brainstorming, values clarification,
prioritizing and others. Therefore, teachers should choose in advance
the conversational activities that are best suited to the learning styles
of their students. Students are provided with an ample opportunity to
bridge the gap between passive knowledge and the ability to express
themselves.
6. Translation exercises help students intergrate vocabulary and
grammar patterns from all the readings in the chapter.
7. Writing assignments present different levels of writing, including
letters and short essays.

Author Acknowledgements

I would like to acknowledge a number of individuals and
institutions who have helped me at various stages with this project.

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