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target language. Ukrainian sentence “Знаю, прийду” may
understand and treat differently: a) as a definite personal sentence
with two homogeneous predicates; b) as a definite personal main
sentence (why shall I come?) because (I know it); c) as two
coordinate definite personal clauses with the causal implicit
meaning. When transformed into English, this sentence acquires
the following structural form: I know it and I shall come. The
transformational method we can use for founding semantic links
between the components of the compound words: англ. sunray
“ray of the sun” (промінь сонця — відношення родового
відмінка); укр. полярник “той, хто досліджує полярні райони”
(polar explorer).
Statistical techniques have been successfully applied in the
analysis of various linguistic phenomena: different structural types
of words, affixes, the vocabularies of great writers and poets and
even in the study of some problems of Historical Lexicology.
The contrastive analysis is applied to reveal the features of
sameness and difference in lexical meanings and semantic
structures of correlated words in different languages. Comparing
of isomorfic features and phenomena can very often be performed
both with the help of the deductive and the inductive methods. For
example: укр. зелене пасовисько; англ. the green pasture.
Polysemantic words in all languages may denote very different
objects and, yet all the meanings are considered by native speakers
to be obviously logical extentions of the basic meaning. For
example, to an Englishman it is self-evident that one should be
able to use the word “head” to denote the following: head of a
person; head of a bed; head of a coin; head of a match etc.
Whereas in Ukrainian different words have to be used: голова,
узголів’я, голівка, etc. In the English synonymic set rude,
impolite, offensive, insulting, tactless, cheeky each word differs in
certain components of meaning from the others, for example: rude
“someone who is rude upsets or offends people by not following
the rules of good social behaviour”; cheeky (only British) “say

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