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Dharma – (Skt., carrying or holding) in Buddhism, the factors of existence.
Originally not so much an ethical concept as one of cosmological theory, dharma
bears some relationship to the Greek logos, meaning the principle or law governing
the universe, and in particular the cycles of rebirth.

Yin/Yang in Chinese thought the two great opposite but complementary forces
at work in the cosmos. Yin is the female, cold, dark, passive power, yang represents
masculinity, light, and warmth. Earth, rain, soft, evil, black, small, even (numbers),

are yin; heaven, sunshine, hard, good, white, large, and odd are yang. The interplay of
the two forces makes up chi, or the material principle governing the universe. Their
balance is essential to harmony and health.

Tao (Ch., the way) – the source and principle of the cosmic order; the constant
flow of the life force (chi) in unceasing change. As a cosmic principle the tao bears
some similarity to logos, although it is also elusive, deep, and obscure and cannot be

expressed in words.
Substance (Lat., sub, under, stare, stand: that which stands under) Many
concerns and disputes cluster around the ideas associated with this term. The
substance of a thing may be: its essence, or that which makes it what it is. This will

ensure that the substance of a thing is that which remains through change in its
properties/

Cosmocentrism it is a setting in the center of the worldview of the cosmos as a
material order of existence. The term «cosmos» means public order», ordering the
«world», «order». From this word is derived the term «cosmetics» - clothes women,
leading her to order.

Cosmos – (Gk., kosmos, order; cf. cosmetic) the whole world, especially
conceived as ordered and law-governed, whether by destiny, fate, justice, divine
command, or rational necessity. (See logos)

Logos – (Gk., statement, principle, law, reason, proportion) in Heraclitus, the
cosmic principle that gives order and rationality to the world, in a way analogous to
that in which human reason orders human action. Logos also has another aspect: it is

what enables us to apprehend the principles and forms, i.e. an aspect of our own
reasoning. The view becomes fused with Christian doctrine when logos is God's
instrument in the development (redemption) of the world.

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