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9 LABORATORY WORK №6
DEFINING KEY QUALITY INDICATORS
DIESEL FUELS
9.1 The goal of the work. The purpose of the work is to
study the methods of determining the main properties of diesel
fuels and assess the performance of fuel according to these
indicators.
9.2 Knowledge and skills. In the course of laboratory
work, the student must be able to determine the kinematic
viscosity, flash temperature in a closed crucible and density of
diesel fuel; making decision on the operational properties of
diesel fuel and the possibility of its use in the ICE.
9.3 General Terms and Conditions. Diesel fuel is a
complex mixture of paraffinic naphthenic and aromatic
hydrocarbons with an average molar mass of 210 ... 230 kg /
kmol, boiling within 180...370 С. Diesel fuels are mainly
produced by atmospheric distillation and catalytic cracking,
after which hydro-purification and de-paraffinization are
carried out (if this is necessary).
The advantages of diesel engines in comparison with
gasoline are high efficiency, lower specific fuel consumption,
greater reliability at work. Diesel fuel is cheaper than petrol,
due to production technology, and less fire hazard.
In order to ensure the proper operation of the engine,
diesel fuel must meet the following requirements: uninterrupted
operation of the high pressure fuel pump for the continuous
supply of fuel to the combustion chamber; fine sputtering and
full combustion; easy start and soft engine work; optimum
viscosity for reliable lubrication of parts of the power system;
absence of formation of sediments, carbs and varnishes in the
combustion chamber, piston bottoms, valves and sprayers;
absence of corrosion of tanks, tanks, fuel system, engine parts;
the required degree of purity, which characterizes the reliability

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