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As shown in the Table 4.1 "Creativity through SCAMPER", by taking a topic
or problem and then using SCAMPER, you can generate possible new products. It
may be some combination of these SCAMPER changes that lead to highly innovative
solutions. For instance, the entertainment company Cirque du Soliel has modeled its

shows on the traditional circus. However, it has adapted aspects of theater and opera,
eliminated animals, and reduced the number of rings from three to one. As a result, it
offers a highly stylized (and much more expensive!) version of what, nostalgically,
we call a circus today. Many of the ideas may be impractical. However, some of
these ideas could be good starting points for a new organization or revision of the
vision for an existing one.
Nominal Group Technique
The Nominal Group Technique (NGT) is a method of facilitating a group of
people to produce a large number of ideas in a relatively short time. In addition to
[6]
using NGT to develop a mission and vision statement, it can be useful:
• To generate numerous creative ideas
• To ensure everyone is heard
• When there is concern that some people may not be vocal
• To build consensus
• When there is controversy or conflict
As shown in “NGT Preparation and Supplies,” preparation and supplies are
modest. It encourages contributions from everyone by allowing for equal
participation among group members. A question is posed to the group. Individually
and silently, each participant writes down his or her ideas. In round-robin fashion,
each member supplies an idea until all ideas are shared. Generally, 6 to 10 people
participate. “Nominal” means that the participants form a group in name only. For
most of the session, they do not interact as they would in other group processes.
NGT Preparation and Supplies
Formulate your discussion question. Ensure that the wording prevents
misunderstanding and is objective. Supplies needed include:
• Flip chart for each table
• Masking tape
• 3 × 5 cards for each participant
• Work tables
• Felt pens
The group is divided into small work groups, each with a leader. A flip chart
and markers are needed at each table. Position the flip chart so that all can see the
ideas. The remaining simple procedures are summarized in “NGT Procedure.”
NGT Procedure
1. Introduction: Briefly welcome participants, clarify the purpose of the
group exercise, and explain the procedure to be followed and how results are to be
used.
2. Present question: Orally present the question that is written on the flip
chart; clarify as needed.
3. Silent generation of ideas: Each participant silently thinks of and writes
down (on 3 × 5 card) as many ideas as possible. Allow 5 to 10 minutes.

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