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• Build a physical space conducive to creativity that is playful and
humorous—this is a place where ideas can thrive.
• Incorporate creative behavior into the performance appraisal process.
And finally, avoiding groupthink can be an important skill to learn. [15]

The four different decision-making models—rational, bounded rationality,
intuitive, and creative—vary in terms of how experienced or motivated a decision
maker is to make a choice. Choosing the right approach will make you more effective
at work and improve your ability to carry out all the P-O-L-C functions.
Figure 11.10

Which decision-making model should I use?
KEY TAKEAWAY
Decision making is choosing among alternative courses of action,
including inaction. There are different types of decisions, ranging from
automatic, programmed decisions to more intensive nonprogrammed decisions.
Structured decision-making processes include rational decision making,

bounded rationality, intuitive, and creative decision making. Each of these can
be useful, depending on the circumstances and the problem that needs to be
solved.
EXERCISES
1. What do you see as the main difference between a successful and an
unsuccessful decision? How much does luck versus skill have to do with it?
How much time needs to pass to answer the first question?
2. Research has shown that over half of the decisions made within
organizations fail. Does this surprise you? Why or why not?
3. Have you used the rational decision-making model to make a
decision? What was the context? How well did the model work?

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