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In comparison to in-role performance, the spectrum of what constitutes extra-
role performance, or OCBs, seems be great and growing. In a recent review, for
example, management researchers identified 30 potentially different forms of OCB,
which they conveniently collapsed into seven common themes: (1) Helping Behavior,
(2) Sportsmanship, (3) Organizational Loyalty, (4) Organizational Compliance, (5)
[2]
Individual Initiative, (6) Civic Virtue, and (7) Self-Development. Definitions and
examples for these seven themes are summarized in Table 1.2 "A current survey of
[3]
organization citizenship behaviors".
As you can imagine, principles of management are likely to be very concerned
with individuals’ in-role performance. At the same time, just a quick glance through
Table 1.2 "A current survey of organization citizenship behaviors" should suggest
that those principles should help you better manage OCBs as well.
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