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KEY TAKEAWAY
This section helped you understand individual and group performance
and suggested how they might roll up into organizational performance.
Principles of management incorporate two key facets of individual

performance: in-role and OCB (or extra-role) performance. Group
performance, in turn, was shown to be a function of how well individuals
achieved a combination of individual and group goals. A team is a type of
group that is relatively small, and members are willing and able to subordinate
individual goals and objectives to those of the larger group.
EXERCISES
1. What is in-role performance?
2. What is extra-role performance?
3. What is the relationship between extra-role performance and OCBs?
4. What differentiates a team from a group?
5. When might it be important to understand the implications of
individual performance for group performance?

1.6 Your Principles of Management Survivor’s Guide
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
1. Know your learning style.
2. Know how to match your style to the circumstances.
3. Use the gauge-discover-reflect framework.
Principles of management courses typically combine knowledge about skills
and the development and application of those skills themselves. For these reasons, it
is helpful for you to develop your own strategy for learning about and developing
management skills. The first part of this strategy should be based on your own
disposition toward learning. The second part of this strategy should follow some form
of the gauge-discover-reflect process that we outline at the end of this section.
Assess Your Learning Style
You can assess your learning style in a number of ways. At a very general
level, you can assess your style intuitively (see “What Is Your Intuition about Your
Learning Style?”); however, we suggest that you use a survey instrument like the
Learning Style Index (LSI), the output from which you can then readily compare with
your intuition. In this section, we discuss the dimensions of the LSI that you can
complete easily and quickly online. The survey will reveal whether your learning
[1]
style is active or reflective, sensory or intuitive, visual or verbal, and sequential or
[2]
global.
What Is Your Intuition About Your Learning Style?
Your learning style may be defined in large part by the answers to four
questions:
1. How do you prefer to process information: actively—through
engagement in physical activity or discussion? Or reflectively—through
introspection?

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