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invention of oil painting), a family of artists Cranach, Holbayniv, great German
artist Albrecht Dürer enriched that epoch. Art of the Northern Renaissance united
medieval symbolism and mysticism giving to it new connotations.
One of the most important discoveries made in the Northern Renaissance
culture in politics and economy was so-called Magdeburg (‘German’) right - the
right of cities to self-government (political, economic and other matters)
regardless of the choice of Princes. Magdeburg law created the source of the
European civil codes in modern times.
In the second half of the XVIth century the Reformation was replaced by
Counter-Reformation - movement chaired by the Catholic Church for the return of
lost influence. In Europe there began an era of endless internal and external wars
lasting until the beginning of XVIIIth century. The fire burned the Renaissance
ideals of humanism, however, new ideas about the world and man arose. The most
striking artistic reflection of the new worldview was Post-Renaissance Baroque art
(XVI-XVII c.).
Questions
1. What cultural epoch was called the Middle Ages? What are the
chronological frames of medieval Europe and its cultural and historical content?
2. Highlight the impact of Christianity on the development of medieval
Western culture.
3. Describe the cultural life of the Middle Ages.
4. What was a new understanding of Christianity made by man?
5. What was the spatial and temporal representation of medieval man?
6. Determine the nature of the Renaissance.
7. Consider the basic processes taking place in the cultural life of the
Renaissance.
8. What are the prominent figures of science and culture of the Renaissance?
9. What is the essence of the Protestant movement and how did it influence the
development of Western culture?
Referenses
1. Culture and Spirituality in Medieval Europe Author: Giles Constable 1997.
Farnham England Pages: 328pp.
2. Culture in the Middle Ages, available at:
http://www.thefinertimes.com/Middle-Ages/culture-in-the-middle-ages.html
3. Medieval Culture, available at:
http://members.tripod.com/mr_sedivy/med_hist8.html
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