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Unit 4

Crime and Punishment

Task 1. Read and memorize the active vocabulary to the text Crime and Punishment.
a wrong правопорушення
welfare добробут
penalty покарання, штраф
omission бездіяльність
prohibited заборонений
treason зрада
felony кримінальний злочин
misdemeanor провина
to betray зраджувати
mala in se моральне зло
mala prohibita порушення закону
rape насилля, згвалтування
murder вбивство
arson підпал
burglary крадіжка зі зломом
larceny крадіжка
forgery підробка, фальшування
bribery хабарництво
to impose punishment виносити покарання
breach of the law порушення закону
vengeance помста
endeavour намагання, зусилля
misdeed злочин, злодіяння
deterrent засіб стримування
caution попередження, застереження
a wrongdoer правопорушник
to enable давати змогу
law-abiding законослухняний

Task 2. Read and translate the text, write down all the unknown words.

Crime and Punishment
A crime is a wrong which affects the public welfare, a wrong for which the state has prescribed a
punishment or penalty. It is an act or omission prohibited by law because it is injurious to the public.
Crimes may be classified as treason, felony and misdemeanor. Treason is the offence in attempting to
overthrow the government or in betraying a state into the hands of a foreign power. Felonies are those
crimes punishable by death or by imprisonment in a state prison. Felonies are considered serious or grave
crimes. Crimes less serious in nature are called misdemeanors.
Sometimes crimes are labeled as mala in se (moral evil) or mala prohibita (crimes prohibited by law).
Examples of crimes which are mala in se are murder, rape, arson, burglary, larceny, forgery, bribery,
robbery and the like. Examples of crimes standing for mala prohibita are crimes violating government
requirements for licensing, corporation law, government regulations for the labeling of products, printing or
publishing copyrighted musical compositions without the consent of the owner, bookmaking and the use of
gambling apparatus. Violations of the labour law may be included to this list either.
When a court imposes punishment for a breach of the law it shouldn’t be taken as a vengeance but
rather as an endeavour to discourage the person who has broken the law from repeating this act.
What is the purpose of punishment?
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