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Task 6. Translate the following text and pay special attention to the
underlined words and phrases.
Comparison of Roman and English law
The main differences between the British legal system, called the
accusatorial or adversarial system, and the system of some European
countries (for example, France), called the inquisitorial system, are that
in the accusatorial system the judge acts as an impartial umpire;
prosecution and defense each put their case; and the jury decides. In the
inquisitorial system the inquiry into the facts is conducted by the judge,
who also examines the evidence and interrogates witnesses.
A disadvantage of the accusatorial system is that juries have to
decide on the basis of the evidence put in court, which may be limited by
rules of evidence. The same evidence would not be hidden under the
inquisitorial system, where all evidence must be put forward. But the
inquisitorial system does not allow for cross-examination of witnesses,
and gives the examining magistrate potentially-oppressive powers. Pleas
of guilty are also not allowed.

Task 7. Make the following sentences complete by translating the
phrases in brackets.
1. The high Court is divided into (три відділення).
2. In England and in the USA the jury system (обов’язкова).
3. The Chancellor was at first (королівським секретарем).
4. The Court of Chancery dealt with (громадськими
позовами по праву справедливості).
5. The highest court in England today is (палата лордів).
6. In theory any peer may take part in (розгляді апеляції).
7. Common Law crimes were divided into (два класи: більш
серйозні та менш серйозні).
8. Some courts can decide the case (без присяжних)
9. Capital punishment (остаточно скасовано в Англії).
10. Scottish law has taken a lot (з Римського права).

Task 8. Give synonyms to the words in bold type.
1) The new rules were founded by the state. 2. The body of 12
persons decided the case. 3. The accused was examined in a court of law.
4. You can’t say that a person has done wrong unless you have proved it.
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