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seat without supporting parts for arms or back), and exclusive
(negate the existence of all the features but those reflected by the
positive semes drug-store: sells drugs thus does not sell books,
vegetables).
According to the relation to the act of speech — actualized
and not actualized.
His floor was painted brown. He was sleeping on the floor.
Put the books on the floor.
Connotative semes are emotional and evaluative
components.
It is a bad / good / wonderful / stupid idea.
Evaluation can be expressed in the denotative component, or
the whole nomination is evaluative.
He is a thief. He is a villain.
Connotations can be constant or probable.
Terrible, excellent, disgusting, beautiful, ugly // independent,
revolution, king.
The necessity for differentiating between the nucleus and
periphery. The diagnostic signs of nuclear denotative semes:
1) the nuclear sememe denotes the constant sign of the
object (crow — usually black, but can be white; man — brown,
black, red or blonde hair, but can be died green);
2) it denotes the necessary, ineradicable sign of the
object (crow — a bird, has wings; man — human being).
Periphery is not homogeneous; close periphery includes the
semes lacking one of the signs of the nuclear seme, those having
the high degree of brightness, etc. Distant periphery includes weak
semes, exclusive negative semes, and implicit semes. The semantic
components of both close and distant periphery can be actualized
in speech . For example: age: nucleary in “child,youth,baby”;
close periphery “student, schoolboy,pensioner”; distant
periphery: “teacher, interpreter, chief”. Attractive: “beauty” —
“top model, actress”.
Actual sense of the word are the totality of

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