Page 11 - 4670

3. Enginee- c) adopts geometric control network onto the

ring geodesy regular reference ellipsoid as the basis for calculating
the geometric position of the surface points.
4. Marine d) studies the body of the Earth as a whole,

geodesy determines the shape of the Earth and its external
gravity field, and establishes the geodetic reference
system.

5. Physical e) uses opto-electronic instruments to carry out
geodesy short-distance (shorter than 50 km) terrestrial
geometric survey (triangulation, leveling and
astronomic surveying).

6. Geometric f) establishes a geodetic control network on the
geodesy Earth’s surface covered by oceans to realize
positioning on the sea surface and underwater and to

measure the marine gravity field, sea surface
topography and marine geoid.
7. Terrestrial g) studies satellite orbits, its motion, perturbations

geodesy and satellite based positioning.
8. Satellite h) measures the coordinates and heights of a
geodesy sufficient number of surface points within one or

several countries in an appropriately chosen
reference system and establishes a unified national
geodetic network to meet the needs of topographic
mapping and engineering construction.

III. GRAMMAR REVIEW

Task 1. Transform the verb in the sentence from Active into
Passive Voice. Mind the word-order and the tense of the verb.

1. Terrestrial geodesy uses opto-electronic instruments to carry
out short-distance terrestrial geometric survey.

2. People involved geodesy to determine the exact positions of
points on the Earth’s surface for mapping or artillery control purposes.
3. Engineers must obtain coordinates of large structures like

dams, bridges according to control points.
4. Geodesists are now using geodetic technologies for disaster
prevention.
5. Positioning technology has provided important guarantees for

improving traffic efficiency.

11