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State Standard ГОСТ 12.1.005-88 ССБТ "Sanitary-hygienic the requirements
for a working zone air" and ДСН 3.3.6.042-99 "Sanitary norms of the microclimate
of industrial premises" - these regulations require support at the workplace optimal
and allowable microclimatic conditions (Table 7.3).

The basis of the principle of rationing is to impose a differential assessment of
optimal and acceptable meteorological conditions depending on the category of work
for the severity and period of the year.

Optimal microclimatic conditions - these are the parameters that in long-term
and systematic exposure on the human ensure the normal thermal state of the body
without stress and disturbance of thermoregulatory mechanisms.

They create a sense of thermal comfort and provide the conditions for a high
level of work efficiency.

Acceptable (allowable, permissible) microclimatic conditions - it is a
combination of parameters of microclimate that in long-term and systematic exposure

on the human may cause transient changes in the functional and thermal state of the
organism due to overload the mechanism of thermoregulation, that does not exceed
the physiological adaptive capacity.

In this case, there are no damages or violations of health, but can be observed
discomfort, worsening health and decreased work efficiency.

According to sanitary norms calendar year is divided into cold (if the average
temperature <10 ° C) and warm (temperature > 10 ° C).

Optimal and acceptable values of meteorological conditions are rationed by
category of work. Category of work depends on the general energy losses the human
body.

There are three categories of work: light, moderate and severe.

Light physical work.
1a - is performed sitting, does not requires physical exertion and loss of
calories do not exceed 120 kcal/ hour.
1b - is performed sitting, standing or associated with walking and accompanied
by mild physical exertion, energy loss 121-150 kcal/ hour (133-172 J/c).
Moderate work
2a - work associated with walking, movement of cargo for one 1 kg or items in
sitting or standing and loss of energy 151-200 kcal/hour.
2b - work performed standing, associated with walking and movement of cargo
up to 10 kg and energy loss 201-250 kcal/hour.
Severe work
3 - work that covering all other activities, energy loss exceeds 251 kcal/ hour.

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